SNX8 enables lysosome reformation and reverses lysosomal storage disorder.

Lysosomal Storage Disorders (LSDs), which share common phenotypes, including enlarged lysosomes and defective lysosomal storage, are caused by mutations in lysosome-related genes. Although gene therapies and enzyme replacement therapies have been explored, there are currently no effective routine therapies against LSDs. During lysosome reformation, which occurs when the functional lysosome pool is reduced, lysosomal lipids and proteins are recycled to restore lysosome functions. Here we report that the sorting nexin protein SNX8 promotes lysosome tubulation, a process that is required for lysosome reformation, and that loss of SNX8 leads to phenotypes characteristic of LSDs in human cells. SNX8 overexpression rescued features of LSDs in cells, and AAV-based delivery of SNX8 to the brain rescued LSD phenotypes in mice. Importantly, by screening a natural compound library, we identified three small molecules that enhanced SNX8-lysosome binding and reversed LSD phenotypes in human cells and in mice. Altogether, our results provide a potential solution for the treatment of LSDs.

LncRNA WFDC21P interacts with SEC63 to promote gastric cancer malignant behaviors by regulating calcium homeostasis signaling pathway.

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer is currently estimated to be the fifth leading common cancer in the world, and responsible for about one million new cases and an estimated 769,000 cancer-related deaths each year. WFDC21P is long non-coding RNA and has been reported to play critical roles in serval types of cancer. Our research aims to investigate the biological effects and molecular mechanism of WFDC21P in gastric cancer. METHODS: Datasets (GSE53137, GSE58828, and GSE109476) in GEO database were used to screen differential expressed lncRNAs in gastric cancer by online GEO2R analysis tool. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to verify the above prediction in ten pairs of gastric cancer and corresponding paracancerous tissues. Pan-cancer analysis was used to analyze the expression of WFDC21P in different types of cancer. Small interfering RNAs were used to WFDC21P knockdown. CCK-8 and colony formation assays were used to measure the proliferation and tumorigenesis abilities. Wound healing and Transwell assay were used to detect the migration and invasion abilities. Proteins that interact with WFDC21P were predicted by catRAPID database. RNA pull down and RNA Immunoprecipitation were used to confirm the interaction. Western blotting was used to detect the key proteins level in calcium homeostasis signaling pathway. Loss-of-function and rescue assays were used to evaluate the biological function of SEC63 at the background of WFDC21P silencing. RESULTS: WFDC21P was upregulated in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines. WFDC21P downregulation suppressed proliferation, tumorigenesis, migration, invasion, and promoted apoptosis in gastric cancer. SEC63 protein had the capability to bind with WFDC21P and the expression of SEC63 was regulated by WFDC21P. SEC63 was also upregulated in gastric cancer and exerted effects during tumor growth and metastasis. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed that lncRNA WFDC21P aggravated gastric cancer malignant behaviors by interacting with SEC63 to regulate the calcium homeostasis signaling pathway.

Bioinspired Asymmetric Polypyrrole Membranes with Enhanced Photothermal Conversion for Highly Efficient Solar Evaporation.

Solar-driven interfacial evaporation (SDIE) has attracted great attention by offering a zero-carbon-emission solution for clean water production. The manipulation of the surface structure of the evaporator markedly promotes the enhancement of light capture and the improvement of evaporation performance. Herein, inspired by seedless lotus pod, a flexible pristine polypyrrole (PPy) membrane with macro/micro-bubble and nanotube asymmetric structure is fabricated through template-assisted interfacial polymerization. The macro- and micro-hierarchical structure of the open bubbles enable multiple reflections inner and among the bubble cavities for enhanced light trapping and omnidirectional photothermal conversion. In addition, the multilevel structure (macro/micro/nano) of the asymmetric PPy (PPy-A) membrane induces water evaporation in the form of clusters, leading to a reduction of water evaporation enthalpy. The PPy-A membranes achieve a full-spectrum light absorption of 96.3% and high evaporation rate of 2.03 kg m-2  h-1 under 1 sun. Long-term stable desalination is also verified with PPy-A membranes by applying one-way water channel. This study demonstrates the feasibility of pristine PPy membranes in SDIE applications, providing guidelines for modulation of the evaporator topologies toward high-efficient solar evaporation.

Modeling the 3-dimensional structure of the silkworm's spinning apparatus in silk production.

The silk-spinning process of the silkworms transforms the liquid silk solution to a solid state under mild conditions, making it an attractive model for bioinspiration However, the precise mechanism behind silk expulsion remains largely unknown. Here we selected the silkworms as representative models to investigate the silk-spinning mechanism. We used serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM) to reconstruct the three-dimensional structures of the spinnerets in silkworms at various stages and with different gene backgrounds. By comparing the musculature and duct deformation of these spinneret models during the spinning process, we were able to simulate the morphological changes of the spinneret. Based on the results, we proposed three essential factors for silkworm spinning: the pressure generated by the silk gland, the opening duct, and the pulling force generated by head movement. Understanding the silkworm spinning process provides insights into clarify the fluid-ejecting mechanism of a group of animals. Moreover, these findings are helpful to the development of biomimetic spinning device that mimics the push-and-pull dual-force system in silkworms. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The silkworms' spinning system produces fibers under mild conditions, making it an ideal candidate for bioinspiration. However, the mechanism of silk expulsion is unknown, and the three-dimensional structure of the spinneret is still uncertain. In this study, we reconstructed a detailed 3-dimensional model of the spinneret at near-nanometer resolution, and for the first time, we observed the changes that occur before and during the silk-spinning process. Our reconstructed models suggested that silkworms have the ability to control the spinning process by opening or closing the spinning duct. During the continuously spinning period, both the pressure generated by the silk gland and the pulling force resulting from head movement work in tandem to expel the silk solution. We believe that gaining a full understanding of the spinning process steps can advance our ability to spin synthetic fibers with properties comparable to those of native fibers by mimicking the natural spinning process.

Volume electron microscopy reconstruction uncovers a physical barrier that limits virus to phloem.

Most plant reoviruses are phloem-limited, but the mechanism has remained unknown for more than half a century. Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (Fijivirus, Reoviridae) causes phloem-derived tumors, where its virions, genomes, and proteins accumulate, and it was used as a model to explore how its host plant limits the virus within its phloem. High-throughput volume electron microscopy revealed that only sieve plate pores and flexible gateways rather than plasmodesmata had a sufficiently large size exclusion limit (SEL) to accommodate virions and potentially serve as pathways of virion movement. The large SEL gateways were enriched within the proliferated sieve element (SE) layers of tumors. The lack of such connections out of the SE-enriched regions of tumors defined a size-dependent physical barrier to high flux transportation of virions. A working model is proposed to demonstrate the mechanism underlying limitation of virus within phloem.

Aero-Engine Remaining Useful Life Prediction Based on Bi-Discrepancy Network.

Most unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) methods align feature distributions across different domains through adversarial learning. However, many of them require introducing an auxiliary domain alignment model, which incurs additional computational costs. In addition, they generally focus on the global distribution alignment and ignore the fine-grained domain discrepancy, so target samples with significant domain shifts cannot be detected or processed for specific tasks. To solve these problems, a bi-discrepancy network is proposed for the cross-domain prediction task. Firstly, target samples with significant domain shifts are detected by maximizing the discrepancy between the outputs of the dual regressor. Secondly, the adversarial training mechanism is adopted between the feature generator and the dual regressor for global domain adaptation. Finally, the local maximum mean discrepancy is used to locally align the fine-grained features of different degradation stages. In 12 cross@-domain prediction tasks generated on the C-MAPSS dataset, the root-mean-square error (RMSE) was reduced by 77.24%, 61.72%, 38.97%, and 3.35% on average, compared with the four mainstream UDA methods, which proved the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Three-dimensional architecture of granulosa cell derived from oocyte cumulus complex, revealed by FIB-SEM.

The oocyte cumulus complex is mainly composed of an oocyte, the perivitelline space, zona pellucida and numerous granulosa cells. The cumulus granulosa cells (cGCs) provide a particularly important microenvironment for oocyte development, regulating its growth, maturation and meiosis. In this study, we studied the internal structures and cell-to-cell connections of mouse cGCs using focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM). We reconstructed three-dimensional models to display characteristic connections between the oocyte and cGCs, and to illustrate various main organelles in cGCs together with their interaction relationship. A special form of cilium identified in granulosa cell was never reported in previous literature.

Plantorganelle Hunter is an effective deep-learning-based method for plant organelle phenotyping in electron microscopy.

Accurate delineation of plant cell organelles from electron microscope images is essential for understanding subcellular behaviour and function. Here we develop a deep-learning pipeline, called the organelle segmentation network (OrgSegNet), for pixel-wise segmentation to identify chloroplasts, mitochondria, nuclei and vacuoles. OrgSegNet was evaluated on a large manually annotated dataset collected from 19 plant species and achieved state-of-the-art segmentation performance. We defined three digital traits (shape complexity, electron density and cross-sectional area) to track the quantitative features of individual organelles in 2D images and released an open-source web tool called Plantorganelle Hunter for quantitatively profiling subcellular morphology. In addition, the automatic segmentation method was successfully applied to a serial-sectioning scanning microscope technique to create a 3D cell model that offers unique views of the morphology and distribution of these organelles. The functionalities of Plantorganelle Hunter can be easily operated, which will increase efficiency and productivity for the plant science community, and enhance understanding of subcellular biology.

VAPB-mediated ER-targeting stabilizes IRS-1 signalosomes to regulate insulin/IGF signaling.

The scaffold protein IRS-1 is an essential node in insulin/IGF signaling. It has long been recognized that the stability of IRS-1 is dependent on its endomembrane targeting. However, how IRS-1 targets the intracellular membrane, and what type of intracellular membrane is actually targeted, remains poorly understood. Here, we found that the phase separation-mediated IRS-1 puncta attached to endoplasmic reticulum (ER). VAPB, an ER-anchored protein that mediates tethers between ER and membranes of other organelles, was identified as a direct interacting partner of IRS-1. VAPB mainly binds active IRS-1 because IGF-1 enhanced the VAPB-IRS-1 association and replacing of the nine tyrosine residues of YXXM motifs disrupted the VAPB-IRS-1 association. We further delineated that the Y745 and Y746 residues in the FFAT-like motif of IRS-1 mediated the association with VAPB. Notably, VAPB targeted IRS-1 to the ER and subsequently maintained its stability. Consistently, ablation of VAPB in mice led to downregulation of IRS-1, suppression of insulin signaling, and glucose intolerance. The amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-derived VAPB P56S mutant also impaired IRS-1 stability by interfering with the ER-tethering of IRS-1. Our findings thus revealed a previously unappreciated condensate-membrane contact (CMC), by which VAPB stabilizes the membraneless IRS-1 signalosome through targeting it to ER membrane.

FIB-SEM combined with proteomics and modification omics clarified mechanisms of lipids synthesis in organelles of Chlorella pyrenoidosa cells with high CO2 concentration.

In order to explain reasons why flue-gas CO2 (normally containing high CO2) enhanced carbon fixation and lipids synthesis with increased photochemical electron production in microalgae cells. Focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) was combined with proteomics and phosphorylation modification mics to clarify mechanisms of lipids synthesis at protein and organelle levels in Chlorella pyrenoidosa cells cultivated with high CO2 concentration (15 % v/v). The volumes of chloroplast and endoplasmic reticulum in subcellular organelles increased by 47 % and 306 %, respectively, compared with the control, which improved conversion efficiency of starch grains to lipids (lipid content increased by 57 %). Proteomics and modifications omics revealed that protein translation and ribosome structure and biogenesis-related enzymes were significantly modified by phosphorylation, which regulated protein biological functions. Glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway and other carbohydrate metabolic pathways were markedly enriched and promoted the expression of lipid synthase, which was consistent with enhanced carbon fixation in photosynthesis, expansion of subcellular organelles and improved lipids synthesis.

A regulatory circuit comprising the CBP and SIRT7 regulates FAM134B-mediated ER-phagy.

Macroautophagy (autophagy) utilizes a serial of receptors to specifically recognize and degrade autophagy cargoes, including damaged organelles, to maintain cellular homeostasis. Upstream signals spatiotemporally regulate the biological functions of selective autophagy receptors through protein post-translational modifications (PTM) such as phosphorylation. However, it is unclear how acetylation directly controls autophagy receptors in selective autophagy. Here, we report that an ER-phagy receptor FAM134B is acetylated by CBP acetyltransferase, eliciting intense ER-phagy. Furthermore, FAM134B acetylation promoted CAMKII-mediated phosphorylation to sustain a mode of milder ER-phagy. Conversely, SIRT7 deacetylated FAM134B to temper its activities in ER-phagy to avoid excessive ER degradation. Together, this work provides further mechanistic insights into how ER-phagy receptor perceives environmental signals for fine-tuning of ER homeostasis and demonstrates how nucleus-derived factors are programmed to control ER stress by modulating ER-phagy.

Quantification of plasmodesmata frequency under three-dimensional view using focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy and image analysis.

The quantitative study of plasmodesmata (PD) frequency is routine in plant science for providing information on the potential of intercellular transportation. Here, we report quantification of plasmodesmatal frequency in virus-infected tobacco vascular tissues using serial sectioning and image analysis. The image datasets were collected by focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM), and the measurements of plasmodesmatal frequency were performed after image analysis with commercial computational programs. With a 5-nm step size (less than half the diameter of PD) during FIB sectioning, exhaustive PD sampling was performed in regions of interest. Segmentation of cell wall (CW) and PD from the background densities was performed manually, and PD were assigned automatically to individual CW interfaces by image analysis and then quantified. The PD quantification results were used to compare the plamodesmatal frequencies among different CW interfaces of individual cells and the average frequencies among different cell types were calculated. CWs lacking PD distribution were found in several cellular types, and the PD frequency were used to determine the possible pathways of PD-based symplasmic transportation. The method enables imaging of samples of several cells containing multiple CW interfaces and minimizes PD omission during sectioning and imaging.

FIB-SEM analysis on three-dimensional structures of growing organelles in wild Chlorella pyrenoidosa cells.

To clarify dynamic changes of organelle microstructures in Chlorella pyrenoidosa cells during photosynthetic growth with CO2 fixation, three-dimensional (3D) organelle microstructures in three growth periods of meristem, elongation, and maturity were quantitatively determined and comprehensively reconstructed with focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM). The single round-pancake mitochondria in each cell split into a dumbbell and then into a circular ring, while the barycenter distance of mitochondria to chloroplast and nucleus was reduced to 45.5% and 88.3% to strengthen energy transfer, respectively. The single pyrenoid consisting of a large part and another small part in each chloroplast gradually developed to a mature state in which the two parts were nearly equal in size. The nucleolus progressively became larger with euchromatin replication. The number of starch grains gradually increased, but the mean grain volume remained nearly unchanged.

Three-dimensional analysis of membrane structures associated with tomato spotted wilt virus infection.

To study viral infection, the direct structural visualization of the viral life cycle consisting of virus attachment, entry, replication, assembly and transport is essential. Although conventional electron microscopy (EM) has been extremely helpful in the investigation of virus-host cell interactions, three-dimensional (3D) EM not only provides important information at the nanometer resolution, but can also create 3D maps of large volumes, even entire virus-infected cells. Here, we determined the ultrastructural details of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)-infected plant cells using focused ion beam scanning EM (FIB-SEM). The viral morphogenesis and dynamic transformation of paired parallel membranes (PPMs) were analyzed. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane network consisting of tubules and sheets was related to viral intracellular trafficking and virion storage. Abundant lipid-like bodies, clustering mitochondria, cell membrane tubules, and myelin-like bodies were likely associated with viral infection. Additionally, connecting structures between neighboring cells were found only in infected plant tissues and showed the characteristics of tubular structure. These novel connections that formed continuously in the cell wall or were wrapped by the cell membranes of neighboring cells appeared frequently in the large-scale 3D model, suggesting additional strategies for viral trafficking that were difficult to distinguish using conventional EM.

A meta-analysis of the clinicopathological significance of the lncRNA MALAT1 in human gastric cancer.

Background: Dysregulation of the long non-coding RNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) has been linked to some oncogenic pathways that induce cancer initiation and progression. This meta-analysis was conducted to specifically summarize the most recent research on MALAT1 function in human gastric cancer (GC). Methods: The eligible studies were first identified by searching HowNet, Web of Science, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, and Nature databases for studies published as of April 1, 2023. The meta-analysis included 14 studies assessing MALAT1 expression and presenting clinical parameters and survival outcomes. Results: The results illustrated that high MALAT1 expression is predictive of lymph node metastasis (pooled odds ratio [OR] = 2.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.97-4.54, P < 0.001) and distant metastasis in GC (OR = 3.11, 95% CI = 1.68-5.75, P < 0.001). In addition, MALAT1 was associated with GC tumor invasion (T3/T4 vs. T1/T2: OR = 2.90, 95% CI = 1.90- 4.41, P <0.001) and TNM stage (III/IV vs I/II: OR = 2.93, 95% CI: 1.80-4.77, P <0.001). Additionally, higher MALAT-1 expression predicted poorer overall survival in patients with GC (hazard ratio = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.20-2.09, P < 0.001). Conclusions: The current findings suggest that the high MALAT1 expression is an adverse biomarker for prognostic outcomes, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, and distant metastasis in GC and MALAT1 could be a prognostic biomarker for GC.

BNC1 deficiency-triggered ferroptosis through the NF2-YAP pathway induces primary ovarian insufficiency.

Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a clinical syndrome of ovarian dysfunction characterized by premature exhaustion of primordial follicles. POI causes infertility, severe daily life disturbances and long-term health risks. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. We previously identified a Basonuclin 1 (BNC1) mutation from a large Chinese POI pedigree and found that mice with targeted Bnc1 mutation exhibit symptoms of POI. In this study, we found that BNC1 plays key roles in ovarian reserve and maintaining lipid metabolism and redox homeostasis in oocytes during follicle development. Deficiency of BNC1 results in premature follicular activation and excessive follicular atresia. Mechanistically, BNC1 deficiency triggers oocyte ferroptosis via the NF2-YAP pathway. We demonstrated that pharmacologic inhibition of YAP signaling or ferroptosis significantly rescues Bnc1 mutation-induced POI. These findings uncover a pathologic mechanism of POI based on BNC1 deficiency and suggest YAP and ferroptosis inhibitors as potential therapeutic targets for POI.

Elastic Textile Threads for Fog Harvesting.

The potential applications of textile materials in fog harvesting have long been demonstrated. This work designed novel fog harvesters according to the distinct features of elastic textile threads (ETTs) to enhance droplet capture, large-droplet growth, and droplet pouring and improve fog harvesting efficiency. We prepared m@ETTs (modified ETTs) using three novel chemical and physical methods. First, we prepared spandex elastic threads with a non-uniform rough surface containing silica nanoparticles and titanium particles through the sol-gel triethoxymethylsilane method. Second, we prepared a rubber/polyester thread with a rough surface by breaking the thread shell with toluene solution, creating knots on the surface of the rubber core. Third, we prepared a polyurethane thread with a bumpy superhydrophobic surface by spraying a tetrafluoroethylene adhesive and silica nanoparticles on the thread. Furthermore, we connected ETTs to an automatic stretching-recovery system to obtain auto-ETTs as another group of harvesters. We obtained auto-i@ETTs by introducing elastic bumps/knots onto the auto-ETT surface. The fog harvesting efficiencies of m@ETTs were approximately 60-120% greater than those of the ETTs. The water harvesting rate of the auto-i@ETT was 2.5 times that of the ETT, with the highest water harvesting rate of auto-i@ETT reaching 3.35 g/h/cm2. Moreover, several novel principles of droplet behavior and thread elasticity were revealed. The elastic elongation level of the ETTs was proportional to their water harvesting efficiency. The stretching-recovery state of the elastic thread did not influence the water contact angle but affected the droplet state on the thread surface. The temporary slack/stick state of adjacent elastic threads on auto-ETTs contributed to droplet convergence and pouring. Overall, this novel approach demonstrates the significant potential of elastic threads in fog harvesting applications.

Flooding-induced rhizosphere Clostridium assemblage prevents root-to-shoot cadmium translocation in rice by promoting the formation of root apoplastic barriers.

Water managements are the most effective agricultural practices for restraining cadmium (Cd) uptake and translocation in rice, which closely correlated with rhizosphere assembly of beneficial microbiome. However, the role of the assemblage of specific microbiota in controlling root-to-shoot Cd translocation in rice remains scarcely clear. The aim of this study was to ascertain how water managements shaped rhizosphere microbiome and mediated root-to-shoot Cd translocation. To disentangle the acting mechanisms of water managements, we performed an experiment monitoring Cd uptake and transport in rice and changes in soil microbial communities in response to continuously flooding and moistening irrigation. Continuously flooding changed rhizosphere microbial communities, leading to the increased abundance of anaerobic bacteria such as Clostridium populations. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) showed that a dominant OTU163, corresponding to Clostridium sp. CSP1, exhibited a strong negative correlation with root-to-shoot Cd translocation. An integrated analysis of transcriptome and metabolome further indicated that the Clostridium-secreted butyric acid was involved in the regulation of phenylpropanoid pathway in rice roots. The formation of endodermal suberized barriers and lignified xylems was remarkably enhanced in the Clostridium-treated roots, which led to more Cd retained in root cell wall and less Cd in the xylem sap. Collectively, our results indicate that the development of root apoplastic barriers can be orchestrated by beneficial Clostridium strains that are assembled by host plants grown under flooding regime, thereby inhibiting root-to-shoot Cd translocation.

Phase separation of insulin receptor substrate 1 drives the formation of insulin/IGF-1 signalosomes.

As a critical node for insulin/IGF signaling, insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) is essential for metabolic regulation. A long and unstructured C-terminal region of IRS-1 recruits downstream effectors for promoting insulin/IGF signals. However, the underlying molecular basis for this remains elusive. Here, we found that the C-terminus of IRS-1 undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). Both electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions were seen to drive IRS-1 LLPS. Self-association of IRS-1, which was mainly mediated by the 301-600 region, drives IRS-1 LLPS to form insulin/IGF-1 signalosomes. Moreover, tyrosine residues of YXXM motifs, which recruit downstream effectors, also contributed to IRS-1 self-association and LLPS. Impairment of IRS-1 LLPS attenuated its positive effects on insulin/IGF-1 signaling. The metabolic disease-associated G972R mutation impaired the self-association and LLPS of IRS-1. Our findings delineate a mechanism in which LLPS of IRS-1-mediated signalosomes serves as an organizing center for insulin/IGF-1 signaling and implicate the role of aberrant IRS-1 LLPS in metabolic diseases.

Honeycomb-structured fabric with enhanced photothermal management and site-specific salt crystallization enables sustainable solar steam generation.

The emerging of solar-driven interfacial evaporation provides new opportunities to alleviate the shortage of fresh water resource. Nevertheless, in practical solar desalination, salt precipitation will lead to the decrease of evaporation rate due to reduced light absorption and blocked evaporation channels of evaporator. It still remains a challenge to eliminate salt accumulation and simultaneously maintain high-efficient evaporation. In this work, a solar evaporator was prepared based on reduced graphene oxide and chitosan coated honeycomb-structured fabric (rCHF). The rCHF showed a high light absorbance of 97.2% due to enhanced light trapping of the honeycomb structure and ultra-low thermal conductivity of 0.044 W m-1 K-1. Furthermore, the temperature gradient generated inside the honeycomb unit can induce the Marangoni effect, which led to the site-specific salt crystallization on rCHF in seawater evaporation. As a result, the rCHF realized an excellent solar evaporation rate of 2.02 kg m-2h-1 under one sun irradiation (1 kW m-2). The site-specific salt crystallization on the surface of rCHF ensured stable evaporation even in 20% brine, and the isolated salt can be removed by natural dissolution owing to the excellent hydrophilicity of rCHF. This work provides a new perspective for the design of solar evaporator for practical solar seawater desalination.